Method of and apparatus for burning brick



2 Sheets-Sheet '1.

Patented Mar. 25, 1890.

J. O ANDERSON. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING BRICK.

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J. O. ANDERSON. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING-BRICK. No. 424,247.

2 Sheets--Sheet 2.

Patented, Mar. 25, 1890.

IIIIJII UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JAMES C. ANDERSON, OF HIGHLAND PARK, ILLINOIS.

METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR BURNING BRICK.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent N0. 424,247, dated March 25, 1890.

Application filed November '7, 1889. Serial No. 329,579. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that I, JAMES C. ANDERSON, a citizen of the United States, residing at Highland Park, in the county of Lake and State of Illinois, have invented new and useful Improvements in Methods of and Apparatus for Burning Brick with Oil as a Fuel; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of said invention, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to improvements in the method of and apparatus for burning brick, tiles, and other clay bodies with oil as a fuel.

The object of my invention is to burn bricks, tiles, and other clay bodies with oil by completely surrounding the same with the heat, and at the same time protect the bodies to be burned from direct contact with the flame.

The devices which I have found best adapted for carrying out my method are illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In order to understand the scope of this invention it will be proper to explain that in the present state of the art of oil-burning by the methods and devices now in use the oil is projected during the operation of burning into the furnace or fire-box much like a continuous stream of Water thrown from a steamengine, such stream being made up mainly of oil in the form of small globules, which are sent forward in the operation of atomization with great force, and if this stream is allowed to come in contact or impinge against the clay bodies to be burned before it has passed a sufficient distance from the burner to have decomposed the oil and expended its force the result is the clay bodies so impinged upon are warped, melted, and destroyed by the force of the flame. Moreover, if the flame is allowed to even impinge abruptly against the bridge-walls of the kiln, if of the most refractory materials known, without first having passed several feet in a direct line from which it is impelled, without being led with proper or'easy curves to avoid abrupt impingement, the destruction of said walls is inevitable. In order to overcome this I pass the oil through a long horizontal passage-way or tuyere, then through a like passage-way formed of refractory material on the platform of the car or cars, which is made to register with the tuyere of the kiln-wall, then through a like passageway formed of refractory material through the division-wall of the kiln, thenin the same line of direction through a like passage-way in the car-platforms in the opposite tunnel, and thence through and into a jacketed space surrounding the top and sides of the bodies to be burned, by which means the oil is projected in a straight line and made to travel a suitable distance without impingement until properly ignited and until the destructive elementincident to this kind of fuel is largely burned out and expended, after which it is made to pass through a jacketed space which completely surrounds the top and sides of the bodies to be burned.

Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view taken on the line macof Fig. 2. Fig. 2 is a horizontal sectional View taken on the line y y of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view.

The double-tunneled kiln shown in the drawings, except the furnaces, the jacketed arches, and the lines for the escape of the waste products of combustion, is essentially the same as the kiln for which Letters Patent were granted to me March 6, 188$,No. 379,041.

A indicates the kiln, which is composed of two parallel walls B and O and a central or partition wall D, dividing the kiln into two longitudinal chambers or tunnels E and F, each covered by separate arches,which rest upon and are supported by the partition-wall D and the outer walls Band C.

G are hollow tiles made of fire-clay or other fire-resisting material, having their ends open and placedat stated intervals crosswise of the car on top of the fire-bricks H, which forms a layer to prevent the bottoms of the cars from being injured by the heat.

I are a series of openings or flues in the outer walls of the tunnels, in which are located the nozzles or burners K for distributing the oil, an equal number of dues L being formed in the partition D on a. line with the lines I. The arches of the tunnels opposite the burners are both double-walled, so as to form a jacketed space or flue M, and the inner wall or jacket of the tunnel farthest from the nozzles is provided with a series of openin gs N, corresponding in number and position to the flues I and L, which open into the flue or jacketed space M. The openings LL, and N are placed the same distance apart as the hollow tiles G on the cars, so that when the cars are placed in their proper posit-ion the tiles of the car will register with the aforementioned openings or flues, and thus form combustion chambers or flues underneath the pile of brick which has been stacked on the cars over the hollow tiles. It will be noticed that the jacketed space M extends over both arches, and that after the products of combustion have given off the fiercest and most destructive portion of the flame to the tiles G, the heat is transmitted through said tiles to the bottom of the pile of bricks on the cars first, and that the tail of the flame, or the more mild portions of the heat, is carried around through the flue or space M to burn the brick by transmission through the fire-clay arches O, which span both tunnels, and it will be seen that after the cars have passed both points Where the oil is burned the bricks on both cars or on the cars in both tunnels will have been subjected to the same degree of heat, and that a uniform burning will have been effected without having the bricks come in direct contact with the flame.

The products of combustion, after having passed through the tiles Gr and through the jacketed space M, return to thefiues P over the burners and aid in the combustion of the water-smoke, and then pass along said flues to the stack R, heating up the outside walls of the respective tunnels and heating and water-smoking the brick adjacent to the out- 5 side walls at the entrance end of each tunnel.

The partition-wall D is provided with numerous openings S, through which the heat escaping from the burned bricks on the outgoing cars is transmitted to the green brick I well adapted for burning clay for ballast for railroad-beds and for the construction of other roads and for burning limestone and cement.

It has heretofore been found difficult to burn clay for ballast, 850., for the reason that when piled in any considerable body the heat cannot penetrate the mass unless spaces or interstices are formed therein, the clay itself being a poor conductor of heat, and in burning clay for the purpose named in accordance with my invention the cars with the fireproof floors and the tiles Gin position are run to suitable clay bank and the clay loaded thereon as mined without the necessity of drying the same. The cars are then run into the tunnels, as already described, and the water-smoke is eliminated in-the initial stages of burning and carried forward through the flues O and mingled with the products of combustion in the flue or jacketed spaces M of the kiln, Where it is consumed.

What I claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The method herein described of burning brick with oil or other hydrocarbons, which consists in first passing the flame of the hydrocarbon through horizontal elongated tuyeres, then in the same line of direction beneath the body to be burned, and then passing the more remote part of the flame through jacketed spaces above and over the bodies to be burned, substantially as set forth.

2. In devices for burning brick on cars, the

.hollow tiles on which the articles to be burned are placed, said tiles being arranged to re,. ister with the tuyeres of the oil-burner and openings in the partition-walls, and with tiles on the car in the adjacent kiln, and also with openings into the jacketed space of the adjacent tunnel, as set forth.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

' J. O. ANDERSON. Witnesses:

O. L. BEATTY, J. F. ANDERSON. 

